The constructionist ontological position suggests that:

(A) Social phenomena and their meanings are constantly being accomplished by social actors
(B) Individuals are born into a world of rules and structures that they cannot change
(C) Building and construction work presents an ideal opportunity to exercise the sociological imagination
(D) Social facts and objects have an external reality, independently of the people who perceive them

What is the epistemological position held by a positivist?

(A) There is no substitute for an in-depth, hermeneutic understanding of society
(B) Scientific research should be based on value-free, empirical observations
(C) Events and discourses in the social world prevent us from having direct knowledge of the natural order
(D) It is important to remain optimistic about our research, even when things go wrong

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